Abahuza ba Network Packet ba Mylinking™ bashyigikiwe na Network Traffic Dynamic Load Balancing:Uburyo bwo kuringaniza umutwaro bwa Hash na algorithm yo gusangira uburemere bushingiye ku gihe hakurikijwe imiterere ya L2-L7 kugira ngo harebwe ko uburyo bwo kuringaniza umutwaro butanga umusaruro.
Abahuza ba Mylinking™ Network Packet bashyigikiwe no gushakisha amakuru mu gihe nyacyo:Yashyigikiye amasoko ya "Capture Physical Port (Data Acquisition)", "Packet Feature Description Field (L2 – L7)", n'andi makuru yo gusobanura uburyo bworoshye bwo gushakisha amakuru, kugira ngo hamenyekane amakuru y'urubuga mu buryo bw'igihe nyacyo, kandi azabikwa amakuru y'igihe nyacyo nyuma yo gufatwa no kuboneka muri icyo gikoresho kugira ngo hakorwe isesengura ry'inzobere mu ikorwa cyangwa agakoresha imiterere yacyo yo gusuzuma ibi bikoresho mu gusesengura byimbitse.
Ushobora kuba ukeneye kumenya OSI Model 7 Layers ni iki?
Mbere yo kwinjira mu buryo bwa OSI, tugomba gusobanukirwa amagambo y'ibanze yo guhuza abantu kugira ngo tworohereze ikiganiro gikurikira.
Utuzu
Node ni igikoresho icyo ari cyo cyose gifatika gihujwe n'umuyoboro, nka mudasobwa, icyuma gicapa, router, nibindi. Node zishobora guhuzwa hagati yazo kugira ngo zikore umuyoboro.
Ihuza
Umuyoboro ni umuyoboro uhuza ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga, ushobora kuba ufite insinga (nka Ethernet) cyangwa wireless (nka WiFi) kandi ushobora kuba ufite point-to-point cyangwa multipoint.
Porotokole
Porotokole ni itegeko ry’amanode abiri mu muyoboro wo guhanahana amakuru. Aya mategeko asobanura imiterere y’amakuru, imiterere y’amakuru, n’uburyo bwo guhuza kohereza amakuru.
Umuyoboro
Umuyoboro yerekeza ku ihuriro ry'ibikoresho, nka mudasobwa, imashini zicapa, byagenewe gusangira amakuru.
Topologiya
Topology isobanura uburyo nodes na links bishyirwaho muri network kandi ni ingenzi mu miterere ya network.
Icyitegererezo cya OSI ni iki?
Uburyo bwa OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) bugenwa n'Umuryango Mpuzamahanga Ushinzwe Ubuziranenge (ISO) kandi bugabanya imiyoboro ya mudasobwa mo ibyiciro birindwi kugira ngo bufashe itumanaho hagati ya sisitemu zitandukanye. Uburyo bwa OSI butanga imiterere isanzwe y'imiyoboro, ku buryo ibikoresho biva mu nganda zitandukanye bishobora kuvugana hagati yazo.
Ibyiciro birindwi by'icyitegererezo cya OSI
1. Urwego rufatika
Ishinzwe kohereza imiyoboro ya bit isanzwe, igena imiterere y'ibikoresho bifatika nk'insinga n'ibimenyetso bitagira umugozi. Amakuru yoherezwa muri biti kuri uru rwego.
2. Urukurikirane rw'amakuru
Amashusho y'amakuru yoherezwa binyuze mu kimenyetso gifatika kandi ashinzwe kubona amakosa no kugenzura imikorere y'amakuru. Amakuru atunganywa mu mashusho.
3. Urusobe rw'urusobe rw'itumanaho
Ishinzwe gutwara amapaki hagati y’imiyoboro ibiri cyangwa myinshi, gucunga inzira n’uburyo bwo gushyira amakuru mu buryo bwumvikana. Amakuru atunganywa muri amapaki.
4. Urwego rw'ubwikorezi
Itanga amakuru kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera, igenzura ubuziranenge bw'amakuru n'uruhererekane rw'amakuru, harimo na protocole iyobowe na connection directed TCP na protocole idafite connectionless UDP. Amakuru ari mu bice by'ibice (TCP) cyangwa datagrams (UDP).
5. Icyiciro cy'icyiciro
Gucunga ibihembwe hagati y'ibyifuzo, ushinzwe gushyiraho ibihembwe, kubungabunga no guhagarika.
6. Icyiciro cy'iyerekanwa
Guhindura imiterere y'amakuru, gukosora inyuguti, no gushingura amakuru kugira ngo urebe ko amakuru ashobora gukoreshwa neza n'urwego rwa porogaramu.
7. Icyiciro cy'ikoreshwa
Iha abakoresha serivisi za interineti zitaziguye, harimo porogaramu na serivisi zitandukanye, nka HTTP, FTP, SMTP, nibindi.
Intego ya buri cyiciro cy'icyitegererezo cya OSI n'ibibazo byacyo bishoboka
Icyiciro cya 1: Icyiciro gifatika
Intego: Urusobe rw'ibikoresho rureba imiterere y'ibikoresho byose bifatika n'ibimenyetso. Rushinzwe kurema no kubungabunga isano nyayo hagati y'ibikoresho.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Reba niba insinga n'ibihuza byangiritse.
○Kugenzura neza imikorere y'ibikoresho bifatika.
○Emeza ko umuriro w'amashanyarazi ari usanzwe.
Icyiciro cya 2: Icyiciro cy'amakuru ajyanye n'ihuza
Intego: Urusobe rw'amakuru ruri hejuru y'urusobe rufatika kandi rushinzwe gukora amakaramu no kubona amakosa.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Ibibazo bishoboka by'urwego rwa mbere.
○Kunanirwa k'itumanaho hagati y'amanode.
○Kugongana kw'imiyoboro cyangwa kugongana kw'amashusho.
Icyiciro cya 3: Urusobe rw'urusobe
Intego: Urusobe rw'itumanaho rufite inshingano zo kohereza amapaki kuri aderesi y'aho agenewe, rugakora ku guhitamo inzira.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Genzura ko routers na switch byateguwe neza.
○Genzura ko aderesi ya IP yashyizweho neza.
○Amakosa yo guhuza urwego ashobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'uru rwego.
Icyiciro cya 4: Icyiciro cy'ubwikorezi
Intego: Urusobe rw'ubwikorezi rutuma amakuru akwirakwizwa neza kandi rukemura ibibazo byo kuyagabanya no kuyatunganya.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Genzura ko icyemezo (urugero, SSL/TLS) cyarangiye.
○Reba niba firewall ifunga umuyoboro ukenewe.
○Uburyo bwo gushyira imbere ibinyabiziga mu muhanda bushyirwaho neza.
Icyiciro cya 5: Icyiciro cy'icyiciro
Intego: Urwego rw'inama rufite inshingano zo gushyiraho, kubungabunga no guhagarika ibiganiro kugira ngo amakuru ahererekanywa mu cyerekezo cy'ibice bibiri.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Reba uko seriveri ihagaze.
○Genzura ko imiterere ya porogaramu ari yo.
○Ibiganiro bishobora kumara igihe runaka cyangwa bigahagarara.
Icyiciro cya 6: Icyiciro cy'iyerekana
Intego: Icyiciro cy'iyerekana kireba ibibazo byo gutunganya amakuru, harimo no kuyahindura no kuyakuraho.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Ese hari ikibazo kiri kuri driver cyangwa porogaramu?
○Niba imiterere y'amakuru yahinduwe neza.
Icyiciro cya 7: Icyiciro cyo Gukoresha
Intego: Urupapuro rwa porogaramu rutanga serivisi zitaziguye ku bakoresha kandi porogaramu zitandukanye zikora kuri uru rupapuro.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Porogaramu yashyizweho neza.
○Niba umukoresha akurikiza inzira ikwiye.
Itandukaniro rya TCP/IP na OSI
Nubwo moderi ya OSI ari yo ngengabihe y’itumanaho ry’imiyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga, moderi ya TCP/IP ni yo ngengabihe y’imiyoboro ikoreshwa cyane. Moderi ya TCP/IP ikoresha imiterere y’urwego rw’ubuyobozi, ariko ifite urwego rune gusa (urwego rw’ikoreshwa, urwego rw’ubwikorezi, urwego rw’imiyoboro, n’urwego rw’imiyoboro), bihuye ku buryo bukurikira:
Urukurikirane rwa porogaramu ya OSI <--> Urukurikirane rwa porogaramu ya TCP/IP
Urusobe rw'ubwikorezi rwa OSI <--> Urusobe rw'ubwikorezi rwa TCP/IP
Urusobe rw'urusobe rwa OSI <--> Urusobe rw'urusobe rwa TCP/IP
Urukurikirane rw'amakuru ya OSI n'urukurikirane rw'amakuru afatika <--> Urukurikirane rw'amakuru ya TCP/IP
Rero, moderi ya OSI y’ibice birindwi itanga ubuyobozi bw’ingenzi mu guhuza ibikoresho na sisitemu by’imiyoboro binyuze mu kugabanya neza ibice byose by’itumanaho rya interineti. Gusobanukirwa iyi moderi ntibifasha gusa abayobozi b’imiyoboro gukemura ibibazo, ahubwo binashyiraho urufatiro rw’inyigo n’ubushakashatsi bwimbitse ku ikoranabuhanga rya interineti. Nizeye ko binyuze muri iyi nyigo, ushobora gusobanukirwa no gushyira mu bikorwa moderi ya OSI mu buryo bwimbitse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-24-2025
