Mylinking ™ Umuyoboro wa Packet Brokers washyigikiwe numuyoboro wa traffic traffic Dynamic Load Balancing:Kuringaniza imizigo Hash algorithm hamwe ninshingano-yo kugabana uburemere algorithm ukurikije L2-L7 ibiranga urwego kugirango tumenye neza ko icyambu gisohoka traffic dinamike yumutwaro uringaniye. Kandi
Mylinking ™ Umuyoboro wa Packet Brokers washyigikiwe nigihe nyacyo cyo kumenya ibinyabiziga:Yashyigikiye inkomoko ya "Gufata Icyambu gifatika (Data Acquisition)", "Packet Feature Description Field (L2 - L7)" ", hamwe nandi makuru yo gusobanura akayunguruzo koroheje kayunguruzo, kugirango hafatwe igihe nyacyo amakuru yimikorere yimikorere yimiterere itandukanye, kandi izajya ibikwa mugihe nyacyo nyuma yo gufatwa no gutahurwa mugikoresho cyo gukuramo isesengura ryimbitse ryakozwe ryibi bikoresho.
Urashobora gukenera kumenya OSI Model 7 ya Layeri?
Mbere yo kwibira muri moderi ya OSI, dukeneye gusobanukirwa na terminologiya y'ibanze kugirango tworohereze ibiganiro bikurikira.
Umutwe
Ipfundo nigikoresho icyo aricyo cyose cya elegitoroniki gifatanye numuyoboro, nka mudasobwa, printer, router, nibindi.
Ihuza
Ihuza ni ihuriro ryumubiri cyangwa ryumvikana rihuza imiyoboro murusobe, rushobora kuba insinga (nka Ethernet) cyangwa umugozi (nka WiFi) kandi birashobora kuba ingingo-ku-ngingo cyangwa kugwiza.
Porotokole
Porotokole ni itegeko kuri node ebyiri murusobe rwo guhanahana amakuru. Aya mategeko asobanura ibishushanyo, ibisobanuro, hamwe no guhuza amakuru.
Umuyoboro
Umuyoboro bivuga icyegeranyo cyibikoresho, nka mudasobwa, printer, zagenewe gusangira amakuru.
Topologiya
Topologiya isobanura uburyo imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro kandi ari ikintu cyingenzi cyimiterere y'urusobe.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa OSI?
Icyitegererezo cya OSI (Gufungura Sisitemu yo Guhuza) isobanurwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe ubuziranenge (ISO) kandi igabanya imiyoboro ya mudasobwa mu nzego zirindwi kugira ngo ifashe itumanaho hagati ya sisitemu zitandukanye. Moderi ya OSI itanga ubwubatsi busanzwe bwimiterere y'urusobe, kugirango ibikoresho biva mubakora bitandukanye bashobore kuvugana.
Ibice birindwi bya moderi ya OSI
1. Umubiri
Ashinzwe kohereza biti bitemba bito, asobanura ibiranga itangazamakuru ryumubiri nkinsinga nibimenyetso bidafite umugozi. Ibyatanzwe byoherezwa mubice kuri iki cyiciro.
2. Ihuza ryamakuru
Amakadiri yamakuru yoherejwe hejuru yikimenyetso gifatika kandi ashinzwe kumenya amakosa no kugenzura imigendekere. Ibyatanzwe bitunganyirizwa kumurongo.
3. Umuyoboro
Irashinzwe gutwara paki hagati yimiyoboro ibiri cyangwa myinshi, gutunganya inzira hamwe na adresse yumvikana. Amakuru atunganyirizwa mumapaki.
4. Urwego rwo gutwara abantu
Itanga iherezo-ry-itangwa ryamakuru, ryemeza ubudakemwa bwamakuru hamwe nurutonde, harimo guhuza protocole TCP hamwe na protocole UDP idafite aho ihuriye. Amakuru ari mubice (TCP) cyangwa igishushanyo (UDP).
5. Igice cyamasomo
Gucunga amasomo hagati ya porogaramu, ishinzwe gushiraho amasomo, kubungabunga, no kurangiza.
6. Urwego rwo kwerekana
Koresha imiterere yimiterere yamakuru, kodegisi yinyuguti, hamwe namakuru yihishe kugirango umenye neza ko amakuru ashobora gukoreshwa neza nurwego rusaba.
7. Gusaba Urwego
Itanga abakoresha serivise zitaziguye, harimo porogaramu na serivisi zitandukanye, nka HTTP, FTP, SMTP, nibindi.
Intego ya buri cyiciro cya moderi ya OSI nibibazo bishoboka
Igice cya 1: Igice gifatika
Intego: Igice cyumubiri kireba ibiranga ibikoresho byose bifatika. Irashinzwe kurema no gukomeza amasano nyayo hagati yibikoresho.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Reba ibyangiritse ku nsinga n'umuhuza.
○Menya neza imikorere yibikoresho bifatika.
○Emeza ko amashanyarazi ari ibisanzwe.
Igice cya 2: Ihuza ryamakuru
Intego: Amakuru ahuza ibice yicaye hejuru yumubiri kandi ashinzwe kubyara ikadiri no kumenya amakosa.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Ibibazo byambere byambere.
○Kunanirwa kwihuza hagati yumutwe.
○Urusobe rwumuyoboro cyangwa kugongana.
Igice cya 3: Umuyoboro
Intego: Urusobekerane rwinshingano zo kohereza paki kuri aderesi, aho guhitamo inzira.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Reba neza ko router na switch byashyizweho neza.
○Menya neza ko aderesi ya IP yagizwe neza.
○Amakosa-ihuza amakosa arashobora guhindura imikorere yuru rwego.
Igice cya 4: Inzira yo Gutwara
Intego: Urwego rwo gutwara abantu rutuma ihererekanyamakuru ryizewe kandi rikemura ibyiciro no kuvugurura amakuru.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Kugenzura ko icyemezo (urugero, SSL / TLS) cyararangiye.
○Reba niba firewall ihagarika icyambu gisabwa.
○Ibyingenzi byumuhanda byashyizweho neza.
Igice cya 5: Igice
Intego: Igice cyinshingano gishinzwe gushiraho, kubungabunga no guhagarika amasomo kugirango harebwe ihererekanyabubasha ryamakuru.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Reba imiterere ya seriveri.
○Kugenzura niba iboneza rya porogaramu ari byo.
○Amasomo arashobora igihe cyangwa guta.
Igice cya 6: Icyerekezo
Intego: Icyerekezo cyerekana gukemura ibibazo byamakuru, harimo gushishoza no gufungura.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Hari ikibazo cyumushoferi cyangwa software?
○Niba imiterere yamakuru yatanzwe neza.
Igice cya 7: Gusaba
Intego: Porogaramu itanga serivisi itaziguye y'abakoresha na porogaramu zitandukanye zikoreshwa kuri iki cyiciro.
Gukemura ibibazo:
○Porogaramu yashyizweho neza.
○Niba umukoresha akurikiza inzira nziza y'ibikorwa.
Moderi ya TCP / IP na OSI itandukanye
Nubwo icyitegererezo cya OSI nicyerekezo cyitumanaho ryitumanaho, TCP / IP nicyitegererezo gikoreshwa cyane murusobe. Moderi ya TCP / IP ikoresha imiterere yubuyobozi, ariko ifite ibice bine gusa (urwego rusaba, urwego rwubwikorezi, urwego rwumuyoboro, hamwe nu murongo uhuza), bihuye nkibi bikurikira:
Porogaramu ya OSI <--> TCP / IP igikoresho
OSI yo gutwara abantu <--> TCP / IP urwego rwo gutwara
Urusobe rwurusobe rwa OSI <--> TCP / IP umuyoboro
OSI ihuza amakuru hamwe nigice gifatika <--> TCP / IP ihuza
Noneho, moderi irindwi ya OSI itanga ubuyobozi bwingenzi muguhuza ibikoresho byurusobe hamwe na sisitemu mugabanye neza ibintu byose byitumanaho. Gusobanukirwa iyi moderi ntabwo bifasha gusa abayobozi burusobe gukemura ibibazo, ahubwo binashyiraho umusingi wubushakashatsi nubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwikoranabuhanga ryurusobe. Nizere ko ukoresheje iyi ntangiriro, ushobora gusobanukirwa no gushyira mubikorwa OSI byimbitse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-24-2025
