SPANI
Ushobora gukoresha imikorere ya SPAN kugira ngo ukoporore paki kuva kuri port runaka ujya kuri port iri kuri switch ihujwe n'igikoresho cyo kugenzura network kugira ngo ikurikirane network kandi ikemure ibibazo.
SPAN ntabwo igira ingaruka ku ihererekanya ry'amapaki hagati y'aho ihererekanya amakuru n'aho ihererekanya amakuru. Amapaki yose yinjira n'asohoka ava aho ihererekanya amakuru ahererekanya amakuru ahererekanya amakuru. Ariko, iyo ubwikorezi bw'amapaki burenze umuvuduko w'aho ihererekanya amakuru, urugero, niba aho ihererekanya amakuru ya 100Mbps rigenzura ubwikorezi bw'aho ihererekanya amakuru ya 1000Mbps, amapaki ashobora gutabwa.
RSPANI
Gupima imirasire y’aho utuye (RSPAN) ni uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha imirasire y’aho utuye (SPAN). Gupima imirasire y’aho utuye bigabanya umupaka w’aho utuye n’aho utuye bigomba kuba biri ku gikoresho kimwe, bigatuma imirasire y’aho utuye n’aho utuye bishobora gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi bya interineti. Muri ubu buryo, umuyobozi w’umuyoboro ashobora kwicara mu cyumba cy’ibikoresho bikurura ibikoresho maze akitegereza amakuru y’aho utuye akoresheje icyuma gipima imirasire y’aho utuye.
RSPANIyohereza amapaki yose y’indorerwamo ku cyambu cy’igikoresho cyo kurekura amashusho binyuze muri RSPAN VLAN yihariye (yitwa Remote VLAN). Inshingano z’ibikoresho zirimo ibyiciro bitatu:
1) Guhindura Inkomoko: Guhindura ishusho ya kure, ni byo bireba kopi y'ubutumwa bwa port source buturutse ku gusohora source switch, binyuze muri Remote VLAN forwarding, kohereza hagati cyangwa guhindura.
2) Intermediate Switch: muri network hagati y’isoko n’aho ijya, switch, yerekanira mu buryo bwa remote VLAN packet transmission ujya ahandi cyangwa uhindure hagati. Niba switch y’isoko ihujwe neza n’aho ijya, nta switch y’intera ihari.
3) Guhindura aho ushaka kugera: Indorerwamo ivuye mu ndorerwamo ireba kure, indorerwamo ivuye muri VLAN ya kure kugira ngo yakire ubutumwa bunyuze mu ndorerwamo ireba aho ushaka kugera ku bikoresho bigenzura.
ERSPAN
Gupima imiyoboro ya kure (ERSPAN) ni uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha imiyoboro ya kure (RSPAN). Mu buryo busanzwe bwo gusuzuma imiyoboro ya kure, paki zifite indorerwamo zishobora koherezwa gusa kuri Layer 2 kandi ntizishobora kunyura mu muyoboro wa routed. Mu buryo bwo gusuzuma imiyoboro ya kure, paki zifite indorerwamo zishobora koherezwa hagati y’imiyoboro ya routed.
ERSPAN ishyiramo udupaki twose tw’amashusho mu dupaki twa IP binyuze mu muyoboro wa GRE hanyuma ikatugeza ku cyambu cy’igikoresho cyo kure cyo kureberaho. Inshingano za buri gikoresho zigabanyijemo ibice bibiri:
1) Source Switch: urubuga rwo gukurura amashusho ya kure, rushinzwe kopi y'ubutumwa bw'urubuga rwo gukurura amakuru buturutse ku rubuga rwo gukurura amakuru, binyuze muri GRE ikubiye mu ipaki ya IP, ihererekanya amakuru kugeza ku ntego.
2) Guhindura aho ushaka kugera: indorerwamo iri kure ijyana aho ushaka kugera, izakira ubutumwa binyuze mu indorerwamo igana aho ushaka kugera, nyuma yo gutandukanya ubutumwa bwa GRE bukoherezwa ku bikoresho bigenzura.
Kugira ngo ushyire mu bikorwa imikorere yo kureba umuyoboro wa kure, paki za IP zifungishijwe na GRE zigomba koherezwa mu gikoresho cyo kureba umuyoboro kiri kuri interineti.
Umusaruro wa Packet Encapsulation
Ishyigikiwe mu gushyira mu mapaki ayo ari yo yose yagenwe mu muhanda wafashwe ku mutwe wa RSPAN cyangwa ERSPAN no gushyira mu mapaki sisitemu yo gukurikirana inyuma cyangwa switch ya network.
Guhagarika ipaki ya Tunnel
Yashyigikiye uburyo bwo guhagarika ipaki ya tunnel, bushobora gushyiraho aderesi za IP, udupfukamunwa, ibisubizo bya ARP, n'ibisubizo bya ICMP ku mbuga z'itumanaho. Urujya n'uruza rw'abakoresha rwoherezwa mu buryo butaziguye kuri igikoresho binyuze mu buryo bwo gufunga tunnel nka GRE, GTP, na VXLAN.
Gukuraho imitwe ya VxLAN, VLAN, GRE, MPLS
Yashyigikiye umutwe wa VxLAN, VLAN, GRE, MPLS wakuwe mu ipaki y'amakuru y'umwimerere hanyuma woherezwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-03-2023
