TAP (Ingingo zo Kugerageza), bizwi kandi nkaKanda, Kanda, Kanda, Kanda umuringa, Kanda kuri Ethernet, Kanda neza, Kanda ku mubiri, nibindi. Kanda ni uburyo buzwi bwo kubona amakuru y'urusobe. Zitanga ibisobanuro byuzuye mumirongo yamakuru kandi ikurikirana neza ibiganiro byerekezo byombi kumuvuduko wuzuye, nta gutakaza paki cyangwa gutinda. Kugaragara kwa TAP byahinduye urwego rwo gukurikirana no kugenzura imiyoboro, guhindura byimazeyo uburyo bwo kubona uburyo bwo gukurikirana no gusesengura no gutanga igisubizo cyuzuye kandi cyoroshye kuri sisitemu yose yo gukurikirana.
Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryatanze ubwoko butandukanye bwubwoko bwa robine: kanda ikusanya amahuriro menshi, kanda nshya igabanya urujya n'uruza rwumuhuza mubice byinshi, kanda za bypass, hamwe na kanda ya matrix.
Kugeza ubu, ibirango bya Tap bizwi cyane mu nganda birimo NetTAP na Mylinking, muri byo Mylinking izwi nk'ikirango cyiza cya Tap na NPB mu nganda z'Ubushinwa, gifite isoko ryinshi, ituze kandi ikora neza.
Ibyiza bya TAP
1. Fata 100% yamapaki yamakuru atabuze igihombo.
2. Ipaki zamakuru zidasanzwe zirashobora gukurikiranwa, koroshya gukemura ibibazo.
3. Ibihe nyabyo, nta gutinda no gusubiramo.
4. Kwishyiriraho inshuro imwe byoroshye guhuza no kwimura abasesengura.
Ibibi bya TAP
1. Ugomba gukoresha amafaranga yinyongera kugirango ugure TAP itandukanya, ihenze kandi ifata umwanya wa rack.
2. Ihuza rimwe gusa rishobora kurebwa icyarimwe.
Porogaramu isanzwe ya TAP
1. Guhuza ubucuruzi: Ihuza risaba igihe gito cyo gukemura ibibazo. Mugushiraho TAP muriyi miyoboro, abashinzwe imiyoboro barashobora kubona vuba no gukemura ibibazo bitunguranye.
2. Ihuza ryibanze cyangwa umugongo. Ibi bifite umurongo mwinshi wo gukoresha kandi ntibishobora guhagarikwa mugihe uhuza cyangwa wimura abasesengura. TAP iremeza 100% gufata amakuru nta gutakaza paki, itanga ibyiringiro byimikorere yo gusesengura neza aya mahuza.
3. TAP iremeza byimazeyo ibizamini, ariko ibyambu byindorerwamo birashobora guhindura agaciro ka jitter kandi bigatanga igipimo cyibihombo bituzuye.
4. Gukemura ibibazo: Menya neza ko paki zamakuru zidasanzwe kandi zitari zo. Ibyambu byindorerwamo bizungurura ibyo bipaki, bibuza injeniyeri gutanga amakuru yingenzi kandi yuzuye yo gukemura ibibazo.
5. Porogaramu IDS: IDS ishingiye kumakuru yuzuye kugirango imenye uburyo bwinjira, kandi TAP irashobora gutanga amakuru yizewe kandi yuzuye kuri sisitemu yo kumenya kwinjira.
6. Ihuriro rya seriveri: Gutandukanya ibyambu byinshi birashobora guhuza 8/12 icyarimwe icyarimwe, bigafasha guhinduranya kure kandi kubuntu, byoroshye gukurikirana no gusesengura igihe icyo aricyo cyose.
SPAN (Hindura Isesengura rya Port)izwi kandi nka Port Mirror cyangwa Port Mirror. Ihinduramiterere ryambere rishobora gukoporora paki yamakuru kuva ku cyambu kimwe cyangwa byinshi ku cyambu cyabigenewe, bita "icyambu cy'indorerwamo" cyangwa "icyambu." Umusesenguzi arashobora guhuza icyambu cyindorerwamo kugirango yakire amakuru. Nyamara, iyi mikorere irashobora guhindura imikorere ya switch kandi igatera igihombo mugihe amakuru aremerewe.
Ibyiza bya SPAN
1. Ubukungu, nta bikoresho byinyongera bisabwa.
2. Imodoka zose kuri VLAN kuri switch zirashobora gukurikiranwa icyarimwe.
3. Umusesenguzi umwe arashobora gukurikirana amahuza menshi.
Ibibi bya SPAN
1. Kwerekana urujya n'uruza kuva ku byambu byinshi kugera ku cyambu kimwe birashobora gutera cache kurenza urugero no gutakaza paki.
2. Amapaki arasubirwamo uko anyuze muri cache, bigatuma bidashoboka kumenya neza umunzani wigihe nka jitter, isesengura ryapaki intera, nubukererwe.
3. Ntibishobora gukurikirana OSI layer 1.2 paki yamakosa. Ibyinshi mubyerekana indorerwamo byungurura muyungurura amakuru adasanzwe, adashobora gutanga amakuru arambuye kandi yingirakamaro yamakuru yo gukemura ibibazo.
4. Kuberako urujya n'uruza rwindorerwamo rwongera CPU umutwaro wa switch, bizatera imikorere ya switch kugabanuka.
Porogaramu isanzwe ya SPAN
1. Kubihuza hamwe numuyoboro mugari hamwe nubushobozi bwiza bwo kwerekana indorerwamo, indorerwamo yibyambu byinshi irashobora gukoreshwa mugusesengura no kugenzura byoroshye.
2. Gukurikirana imigendekere: Iyo kugenzura neza bidasabwa, gusa imibare yamakuru idasanzwe irahagije.
3. Porotokole hamwe nisesengura rya porogaramu: amakuru yamakuru arashobora gutangwa byoroshye kandi mubukungu bivuye ku cyambu cy'indorerwamo
4. Gukurikirana VLAN yose: Ikoranabuhanga ryerekana indorerwamo nyinshi zirashobora gukoreshwa mugukurikirana byoroshye VLAN yose kuri switch.
Intangiriro kuri VLAN:
Ubwa mbere, reka tumenye igitekerezo cyibanze cyogutangaza amakuru. Ibi bivuga urwego rushobora gukwirakwizwa (aderesi ya MAC ya aderesi zose ni 1) zishobora koherezwa, naho muyandi magambo, intera itumanaho rishobora kubaho. Mu magambo make, ntabwo ari amakadiri yo gutangaza gusa, ahubwo ni ama frame menshi hamwe na frame ya unicast itazwi irashobora kugenda mubwisanzure murwego rumwe rwo gutangaza.
Ubusanzwe, icyerekezo cya Layeri 2 gishobora gushiraho gusa umurongo umwe wo gutangaza. Kuri Layeri 2 ihinduranya nta VLANs yagizwe, ikadiri iyo ari yo yose yoherezwa ku byambu byose usibye icyambu cyakira (umwuzure). Ariko, gukoresha VLANs bituma umuyoboro ugabanywa mubice byinshi byo gutangaza. VLANs ni tekinoroji ikoreshwa mugutandukanya ibyamamajwe kuri Layeri 2. Mugukoresha VLANs, turashobora gushushanya kubuntu ibice byogutangaza amakuru, twongere ubworoherane bwibishushanyo mbonera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-04-2025
