Igikoresho rusange cyo gukurikirana no gukemura ibibazo uyu munsi ni ugusesengura icyambu (umwanya), uzwi kandi nka firime yo mucyaro. Iradufasha gukurikirana urujya n'uruza rw'urusobe rumwe ruturutse ku banditsi rutabangamiye na serivisi kumurongo wa Live, kandi rwohereza kopi yimodoka yakurikiranwe mubikoresho byaho cyangwa bya kure, cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwibikoresho byo gusesengura insongine.
Ikoreshwa risanzwe ni:
• Gukemura ibibazo byurusobe mugukurikirana / amakuru yamakuru;
• Gusesengura ubukeri na jitter mugukurikirana paki ya voip;
• Gusesengura umutiba mugukurikirana imikoranire;
• Menya anomalies mugukurikirana urujya n'uruza.
Gusora urujya n'uruza rushobora kurangira ku bindi byambu ku gikoresho kimwe cy'inkomoko, cyangwa kurega kure ku bindi bikoresho by'urusobe rwegeranye ku gice cya 2 cy'ibikoresho by'inkomoko (RSPAN).
Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kubyerekeye ikoranabuhanga rya interineti rya kure ryitwa Ersan isesengura ryicyambu) rishobora kwanduzwa mubice bitatu bya IP. Iri ni iyanzuri yigihe cyo gutwika kure.
Amahame yibanze ya Ersan
Ubwa mbere, reka turebe ibintu bya Erspan:
• Kopi yipaki kuva ku cyambu cyoherejwe kuri seriveri igana kuri parisi yanyuze muri rusange (GRE). Aho bifatika bya seriveri ntibibujijwe.
• Hamwe nubufasha bwumukoresha usobanuye umurima (UDF) ibiranga Chip, Offset iyo ari yo yose ya 1 kugeza 126 yakoreshejwe mu rwego rw'impuguke binyuze mu rwego rw'impuguke, kandi inyandiko y'ibanze ya TCP yakoreshejwe na TCP n'inama ya RDMA na RDMA;
• Gushyigikira gushyiraho igipimo cy'icyitegererezo;
• Gushyigikira uburebure bwa papa (packet Steling), kugabanya igitutu kuri seriveri.
Hamwe nibi biranga, urashobora kubona impamvu Erpan ari igikoresho cyingenzi kugirango ukurikirane imiyoboro imbere yamakuru muri iki gihe.
Imikorere nyamukuru ya Erpan irashobora kuvugwa muri make mubice bibiri:
• Isomo ryo kugaragara: Koresha ErPan kugirango ukusanye byose byakozwe na TCP nshya hamwe no kwibukwa neza (RDMA).
• Gukemura ibibazo: Fata urujya n'uruza rw'isesengura ry'intangarugero mugihe ikibazo cyurusobe kibaye.
Kugirango ukore ibi, igikoresho cyinkomoko kigomba kuyungurura urujya n'uruza rw'umukoresha mu makuru manini mu makuru manini mu "superframe." Byongeye kandi, fasha igikoresho cyo kwakira no kugarura byimazeyo traffic yumwimerere.
Igikoresho cyo kwakira gishobora kuba indi seriveri ishyigikira ibipaki bya Ersan.
Ubwoko bwa Ersan hamwe na Package isesengura
Ibipaki bya Erpan byashyizwe ahagaragara ukoresheje Gresha kandi woherejwe kuri IP iyariyo yose ivugwa hejuru ya Ethernet. Muri iki gihe hakoreshwa cyane cyane ku miyoboro ya IPV4, kandi inkunga ya IPV6 izaba isabwa mu gihe kizaza.
Kuburyo rusange bwibice bya Ersapn, ibikurikira ni paki yindorerwamo ifata paki ya ICMP:
Porotokole ya Erpan yateye imbere mugihe kirekire, kandi yongerewe ubushobozi bwayo, verisiyo nyinshi zashizweho, zitwa "ubwoko bwa Ersan". Ubwoko butandukanye bufite imiterere itandukanye yimitwe.
Isobanurwa muburyo bwa mbere bwumutwe wa Ersan:
Byongeye kandi, ubwoko bwa protocole murwego rwa GR'umutwe nabwo bwerekana ubwoko bwa erpan imbere. Ubwoko bwa protocole 0x88be yerekana ubwoko bwa erspan II, na 0x22eb byerekana ubwoko bwa Erspan III.
1. Andika I.
Ersan ikadiri yubwoko nagutseho ip na gRE mu buryo butaziguye umutwe wimyenda yumwimerere. Iri tandukaniro ryiyongera kuri 38 bytes hejuru yikadiri yumwimerere: 14 (Mac) + 20 (ip) + 4 (GRE). Inyungu ziyi format nuko ifite imirongo itunganijwe kandi igabanya ikiguzi cyo kohereza. Ariko, kubera ko isebe ibendera rya GREA na verisiyo yimirima kuri 0, ntabwo ikora imirima yagutse kandi yakoreshejwe ntabwo ari ngombwa, bityo nta mpamvu yo kwagura byinshi.
Imiterere ya GRE Refer yubwoko i ni ibi bikurikira:
2. Ubwoko bwa II
Mu bwoko bwa II, c, r, k, s, s, s reg, ibendera, hamwe na verisiyo mumirongo ya GRE byose 0 usibye umurima. Kubwibyo, umubare wa numero urukurikirane ugaragazwa mumitwe ya GRE GREW II. Ni ukuvuga, ubwoko bwa II burashobora kwemeza gahunda yo kwakira paki ya GRE, kugirango umubare munini utabawe kuri GRE Packet ntushobora gutondekanwa kubera amakosa ya Network.
Imiterere ya GRE umutwe wa II niyi ikurikira:
Byongeye kandi, imiterere ya Ersan Ubwoko bwa Ersan yongeraho umutwe wa 8-byte erspan hagati yumutwe wa GRE na Mirzira yambere.
Imiterere ya Ersan ya Ersan yubwoko II ni izi zikurikira:
Hanyuma, uhite ukurikiza ishusho yumwimerere, ni isanzwe 4-byte ethernet cyclic redict cheque (crc).
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko mugushyira mubikorwa, indorerwamo itarimo umurima wa FCS yikadiri yumwimerere, ahubwo agaciro gashya ka CRC karasubirwamo hashingiwe kuri Erpan yose. Ibi bivuze ko igikoresho cyo kwakira kidashobora kugenzura CRC neza yikadiri yumwimerere, kandi dushobora gutekereza gusa ko ibice bitagengwa gusa.
3. Ubwoko bwa III
Ubwoko bwa III itangiza umutwe munini kandi mwinshi kugirango ukemure ikibazo cyo gukemura ibibazo bigoye kandi bikurikirana ariko bidafite aho bigarukira ku micungire y'urusobe, gutahura kwinjira, imikorere no gusesengura no gucibwamo isesengura, nibindi byinshi. Aya mashusho akeneye kumenya ibipimo byose byumwimerere byindorerwamo kandi ushiremo abadahari muburyo bwambere ubwabwo.
Ubwoko bwa Erpan III burimo umutwe wa 12-byte umutwe hamwe na 8-byte stlamform yihariye.
Umutwe wa Ersan Urwego rwa III ni utya:
Na none, nyuma yindorerezi yumwimerere ni 4-byte crc.
Nkuko bigaragara mumiterere yimitwe yubwoko bwa III, usibye kugumana Ver, Vlan, Cos, T hamwe nicyiciro cyimyangamuntu ishingiye ku bwoko bwa II, nkongerwa nyinshi zongeweho, nka:
• BSO: Byakoreshejwe kugirango werekane ubusugire bwamakuru yamakuru akoreshwa na Erspan. 00 ni ikadiri nziza, 11 ni ikadiri mbi, 01 nigice gito, 11 ni ikadiri nini;
• Igihembwe: Koherezwa mumyanya ibyuma byahujwe na sisitemu umwanya. Iyi mirima 32-bit ishyigikira byibuze microsekonde 100 ya Timestamp granulatity;
• Ubwoko bwimiterere (P) hamwe nubwoko (f): Ibyambere bikoreshwa mugusobanura niba Erpan itwara neza niba ERPPAN itwara niba ibipadiri bya Ethernet cyangwa paki.
• hw indangamuntu: ikiranga kidasanzwe cya moteri ya ersan muri sisitemu;
• Gra (Timestamp Granulatity): igaragaza granular ya tifestamp. Kurugero, 00b ihagarariye microsecond 100, 01B 100 Nanosecond Granulet, 10b IEEE 1588 granularity, na 11b isaba platifomu-imitwe yihariye kugirango igere kuri granulari yo hejuru.
• Ibisobanuro bya Platf V. Amakuru yihariye: Platf Amakuru yihariye afite imiterere itandukanye nibirimo bitewe nindangamuntu ya platf.
Twabibutsa ko imitwe itandukanye ishyigikiwe haruguru irashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bisanzwe bya Erpan, ndetse no kuroba amakadiri yamakosa cyangwa amakadiri ya BPDU, mugihe ukomeje gutondekanya paki yumwimerere na VLAN. Mubyongeyeho, amakuru yingenzi yamakuru hamwe nandi makuru yimirima irashobora kongerwa kuri buri cyiciro cya Erspan mugihe cyo kurora.
Hamwe na erspan itanga imitwe ya erspan, turashobora kugera ku isesengura ryanonosoye ryimodoka, hanyuma ushyireho gusa acl ihuye muburyo bwa erspan kugirango ihuze nimodoka dushishikarizwa.
Ersan ishyira mubikorwa Isomo rya RDma rigaragara
Reka dufate urugero rwo gukoresha tekinoroji ya Erpan kugirango tugere kuri RDMA ikubiyemo ibitekerezo muri RDMA Scenario:
Rdma: Kuraho Kwibuka Kwibuka Gushoboza Umuyoboro wa seriveri A Gusoma no kwandika ububiko bwa seriveri b ukoresheje amakarita ya seriveri Byakoreshejwe cyane mumakuru manini no kumurima-wimikorere yagabanijwe.
Rocev2: RDMA hejuru ya Ethernet verisiyo ya verisiyo ya 2. Amakuru ya RDMA akubitwa mumutwe wa UDP. Inomero yerekana icyambu ni 4791.
Imikorere ya buri munsi no gufata neza rdma bisaba gukusanya amakuru menshi, ikoreshwa mu gukusanya imirongo yimirongo ya buri munsi hamwe na allss idasanzwe, hamwe nishingiro ryo gushakisha ibibazo bidasanzwe. Ihujwe na erpan, amakuru manini arashobora gufatwa vuba kugirango abone microsecond yamakuru meza hamwe nuburyo bwo gukora protocole imiterere ya chip. Binyuze mumibare yamakuru hamwe nisesengura, Rdma irangira-kurangiza isuzuma ryujuje ubuziranenge no guhanura birashobora kuboneka.
Kugirango ugere kuri RDAM Isuzuma, dukeneye erpan kugirango duhuze ijambo ryibanze kumasomo ya RDMA mugihe cyo kwerekana traffics mugihe cyo kwerekana urujya n'uruza, kandi dukeneye gukoresha urukurikirane rwinzobere.
Urutonde rwinzobere rwagutse ruhuza ibisobanuro byubusobanuro:
UDF igizwe n'imirima itanu: UDF Ijambo ryibanze, umurima shingiro, umurima, agaciro umurima, na mask umurima. Kugarukira ku bushobozi bw'ibyuma byanditswe, kandi Udf umunani irashobora gukoreshwa. UDF imwe irashobora guhuza ntarengwa ya Bytes ebyiri.
• UDF Ijambo ryibanze: UDF1 ... UDF8 ikubiyemo ijambo umunani ryibanze rya UDF ihuye na domaine
• Umurima shingiro: Kugaragaza umwanya wo gutangira wa UDF ihuza. Ibikurikira
L4
L5_header (kuri rg-s6510-48vs8cq)
• Offset: yerekana offset ukurikije umurima shingiro. Agaciro kangana na 0 kugeza 126
• Agaciro Umwanya: Guhuza agaciro. Irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe numurima wa Mask kugirango ugene agaciro gahuye. Bit bit ni Bytes ebyiri
• Umurima wa Mask: Mask, byemewe bito ni bibiri bytes
.
Ibipaki bibiri byingenzi bifitanye isano na RDMA Station Imiterere ni packet yimvura (CNP) nibitekerezo bibi (nak):
Ibyambere byatanzwe na RDMA yakiriye nyuma yo kwakira ubutumwa bwa ECN bwoherejwe na switch (mugihe ifu ya eutfer igera kumupaka), ikubiyemo amakuru ajyanye no kwiyongera. Iheruka ikoreshwa kugirango yerekane ko RDMA isobanura ifite ubutumwa bwo gutakaza amapaki.
Reka turebe uburyo bwo guhuza ubwo butumwa bubiri ukoresheje urutonde rwinzobere-urwego rwagutse:
Impuguke Kwinjira-Urutonde rwagutse Rdma
Emerera UDP iyariyo yose EQ 4791UDF 1 l4_heaher 8 0x8100 0xff00(Guhuza RG-S6520-64CQ)
Emerera UDP iyariyo yose EQ 4791UDF 1 L5_IGIHE 0 0x8100 0xff00(Guhuza rg-s6510-48VQ)
Impuguke Kwinjira-Urutonde rwagutse Rdma
Emerera UDP iyariyo yose EQ 4791udf 1 l4_heaher 8 0x1100 0xff00 udf 2 l4_heaher 20 0x6000 0xff00(Guhuza RG-S6520-64CQ)
Emerera UDP iyariyo yose EQ 4791UDF 1 l5_header 0 0x1100 0xff00 UDF 2 L5_Hahid 12 0x6000 0xff00(Guhuza rg-s6510-48VQ)
Nkintambwe yanyuma, urashobora kwiyumvisha inama ya RDMA ushyiraho urutonde rwinzobere mubikorwa bikwiye.
Andika mu bihe byanyuma
Ersan nimwe mubikoresho byimpapuro byingenzi mumiyoboro minini yuyu munsi, bigenda byimodoka igoye, kandi bigenda neza imikorere yo gukora no gufata neza.
Nurwego rwiyongera rwa O & M Gukora, Tekinoroji nka Netconf, Restcoff, na GRPC birazwi muri O & m Abanyeshuri bo muri Network byikora O & M. Gukoresha Grpc nka protocole yibanze yo kohereza indorerwamo yindorerwamo nayo ifite ibyiza byinshi. Kurugero, ukurikije protocole ya http / 2, irashobora gushyigikira uburyo bwo gusunika uburyo bwo gusunika munsi. Hamwe na protobuf pronding, ingano yamakuru yagabanutse igice ugereranije na format ya JSON, ikora ibyapa byihuse kandi ikora neza. Tekereza gusa, niba ukoresha erpan mu ndorerwamo yashishikajwe hanyuma uyikohereze kuri seriveri kuri Grpc, bizamura cyane ubushobozi nubushobozi bwurusobe rwikora no kubungabunga.
Igihe cya nyuma: Gicurasi-10-2022
