Ese wigeze wumva ibyerekeye gukoresha umuyoboro wa interineti? Niba ukora mu bijyanye n'itumanaho cyangwa umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga, ushobora kuba uzi neza iki gikoresho. Ariko ku batabizi, bishobora kuba amayobera.
Muri iki gihe, umutekano w’imiyoboro ni ingenzi kurusha mbere hose. Ibigo n’imiryango byishingikiriza ku miyoboro yabyo kugira ngo bibike amakuru y’ibanga kandi biganire n’abakiriya n’abafatanyabikorwa. Ni gute bashobora kwemeza ko imiyoboro yabo irinzwe kandi nta burenganzira bwo kuyigeraho?
Iyi nkuru izasuzuma icyo gukoresha interineti ari cyo, uko ikora, n'impamvu ari igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kurinda umutekano w'urubuga. Reka rero twinjiremo twige byinshi kuri iki gikoresho gikomeye.
Network TAP (Aho Kugera ku Kibuga) ni iki?
TAP za Network ni ingenzi kugira ngo imikorere ya network igende neza kandi itekanye. Zitanga uburyo bwo kugenzura, gusesengura, gukurikirana no kurinda ibikorwa remezo by'urusobe rw'itumanaho. TAP za Network zikora "kopi" y'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu, bigatuma ibikoresho bitandukanye bigenzura bibona ayo makuru bitabangamiye urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru rw'umwimerere.
Ibi bikoresho bishyirwa mu buryo bw’ingenzi mu bikorwa remezo by’imiyoboro kugira ngo habeho igenzura ryiza rishoboka.
Imiryango ishobora gushyiraho TAP z'umuyoboro w'itumanaho ahantu yumva ko hakwiye kwitabwaho, harimo ariko bitagarukira aho gukusanya amakuru, gusesengura, kugenzura muri rusange, cyangwa ibindi by'ingenzi nko gutahura ukwinjira.
Igikoresho cya TAP cya network ntabwo gihindura imiterere y'ipaki iyo ari yo yose iri kuri network ikora; gikora kopi ya buri paki yoherejwe kugira ngo ibashe koherezwa binyuze mu buryo bwayo buhujwe n'ibikoresho cyangwa porogaramu zo kugenzura.
Igikorwa cyo gukoporora gikorwa nta guhangayikisha ubushobozi bw'imikorere kuko kidahungabanya imikorere isanzwe mu nsinga nyuma yo gukomanga. Bityo, bituma ibigo birushaho kugira umutekano mu gihe bishakisha kandi bigatanga amakuru ku bikorwa bikekwa ku muyoboro wabyo no gukurikirana ibibazo bishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gukoresha cyane.
Ni gute Network TAP ikora?
Network TAPs ni ibikoresho bigezweho bifasha abayobozi gusuzuma imikorere y’umuyoboro wabo wose nta guhungabanya imikorere yawo. Ni ibikoresho byo hanze bikoreshwa mu kugenzura ibikorwa by’abakoresha, kumenya urujya n’uruza rw’abantu babi no kurinda umutekano w’umuyoboro binyuze mu gutuma hakorwa isesengura ryimbitse ry’amakuru yinjira n’asohokamo. Network TAPs zihuza urwego rufatika aho paki zinyura mu nsinga n’amaswichi ndetse n’urwego rwo hejuru aho porogaramu ziba.
Network TAP ikora nk'aho ari inzira ifunguye ifungura inzira ebyiri zikoreshwa mu buryo bwa virtual kugira ngo ifate inzira zose zinjira n'izisohoka ziturutse ku miyoboro iyo ari yo yose inyuramo. Iyi porogaramu yagenewe kudahungabanya 100%, bityo nubwo ituma igenzura, ihuha, kandi igashungura amakuru yose, Network TAP ntibangamira cyangwa ngo igire ingaruka ku mikorere ya network yawe mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose.
Byongeye kandi, bakora nk'imiyoboro yo kohereza amakuru ajyanye n'ibyo bakeneye ku nzego zagenwe zo kugenzura; bivuze ko badashobora gusesengura cyangwa gusuzuma amakuru bakusanya - bisaba ikindi gikoresho cy'umuntu wa gatatu kugira ngo babishobore. Ibi bituma abayobozi bagenzura neza kandi bagahindura uburyo bashobora gukoresha neza Network TAPs zabo mu gihe bakomeza gukora imirimo yabo nta nkomyi ku zindi network zabo.
Kuki dukeneye uburyo bwo gukoresha interineti (Network TAP)?
Network TAPs niyo ishingiro ryo kugira sisitemu yuzuye kandi ikomeye yo kubona no kugenzura kuri network iyo ari yo yose. Bakoresheje uburyo bw'itumanaho, bashobora kumenya amakuru ari kuri interineti kugira ngo abashe kuyageza ku zindi sisitemu z'umutekano cyangwa zo kugenzura. Iki gice cy'ingenzi cyo kubona amakuru kuri interineti gituma amakuru yose ari kuri interineti adasiba iyo abantu banyuze mu nzira, bivuze ko nta paki ijya igwa.
Hatabayeho TAPs, umuyoboro ntushobora gukurikiranwa no gucungwa neza. Abayobozi b'ikoranabuhanga bashobora gukurikirana mu buryo bwizewe niba hari ibibazo cyangwa bakabona ubumenyi burambuye ku miyoboro yabo idafite umurongo w'itumanaho ryashoboraga guhisha iyo ikoresheje uburyo bwo kuyikoresha mu gutanga amakuru yose yerekeye urujya n'uruza rw'abantu.
Bityo, hatangwa kopi nyayo y'ubutumwa bwinjira n'ubusohoka, butuma imiryango ishobora gukora iperereza no kugira icyo ikora vuba ku gikorwa icyo ari cyo cyose giteye amakenga ishobora guhura nacyo. Kugira ngo imiyoboro y'imiryango ibe ifite umutekano kandi yizewe muri iki gihe cy'ubugizi bwa nabi bwo kuri interineti, gukoresha umuyoboro wa TAP bigomba gufatwa nk'itegeko.
Ubwoko bwa TAP za Network n'uko bikora?
Ku bijyanye no kugera no kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru kuri interineti, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibanze bwa TAPs - Passive TAPs na Active TAPs. Zombi zitanga uburyo bworoshye kandi bwizewe bwo kugera ku makuru aturutse kuri interineti nta guhungabanya imikorere cyangwa kongeramo igihe cyo gutinda kuri sisitemu.
TAP idakora ikora isuzuma ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi binyura mu muyoboro usanzwe w'insinga hagati y'ibikoresho bibiri, nko hagati ya mudasobwa na seriveri. Itanga aho ihuza hatuma isoko yo hanze, nka router cyangwa sniffer, igera ku rujya n'uruza rw'ibimenyetso mu gihe inyura aho yagenewe mbere idahindutse. Ubu bwoko bwa TAP bukoreshwa mu gukurikirana ibikorwa cyangwa amakuru ajyanye n'igihe hagati y'ibintu bibiri.
<TAP z'urusobe rw'itumanaho rikora>
TAP ikora neza nk'uko ikora mu buryo busanzwe ariko ifite intambwe yiyongereyeho - ishyiraho uburyo bwo kuvugurura ikimenyetso. Mu gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvugurura ikimenyetso, TAP ikora igenzura neza amakuru mbere yuko akomeza.
Ibi bitanga ibisubizo bihoraho nubwo haba hari ingano zitandukanye z'amashanyarazi ziturutse ku zindi soko zihujwe ku muyoboro. Byongeye kandi, ubu bwoko bwa TAP bwihutisha kohereza amakuru ahantu hose hakenewe kugira ngo harusheho kunozwa igihe cyo gukora.
Ni izihe nyungu zo gukoresha Network TAP?
Network TAPs zarushijeho gukundwa mu myaka ya vuba aha kuko imiryango iharanira kongera ingamba zayo z'umutekano no kwemeza ko imiyoboro yayo ihora ikora neza. Kubera ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imiyoboro myinshi icyarimwe, Network TAPs itanga igisubizo cyiza kandi gihendutse ku miryango ishaka kumenya neza ibibera kuri iyo miyoboro yayo.
Byongeye kandi, hamwe n’ibintu nko kurinda inzira, guteranya amapaki, n’ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura, Network TAPs ishobora kandi guha amashyirahamwe uburyo bwizewe bwo kubungabunga imiyoboro yayo no gusubiza vuba ibibazo bishobora kubaho.
Network TAPs itanga inyungu nyinshi ku bigo, nko:
- Kongera kugaragara kw'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu ku rubuga.
- Kongera umutekano no kubahiriza amategeko.
- Kugabanya igihe cyo kuruhuka binyuze mu gutanga ubumenyi burambuye ku mpamvu y'ibibazo ibyo ari byo byose.
- Kongera ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imiyoboro ya interineti binyuze mu gutuma habaho ubushobozi bwose bwo kugenzura imiyoboro ibiri.
- Ikiguzi cyo gutunga ibintu kigabanuka kuko akenshi bihendutse kurusha ibindi bisubizo.
Indorerwamo ya Network TAP vs. SPAN Port (Nigute wafata urujya n'uruza rw'abantu kuri interineti? Network Tap vs Port Mirror?):
Imiyoboro ya TAP (Aho Gushyikira Urubuga) na SPAN (Switched Port Analyzer) ni ibikoresho bibiri by'ingenzi mu kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'itumanaho. Nubwo byombi bitanga uburyo bwo kureba urujya n'uruza rw'itumanaho, itandukaniro rito riri hagati yabyo rigomba kumvikana kugira ngo hamenyekane ikwiriye neza mu gihe runaka.
Network TAP ni igikoresho cyo hanze gihuza aho gihurira hagati y’ibikoresho bibiri, kikaba cyemerera gukurikirana itumanaho rinyuramo. Ntigihindura cyangwa ngo kibangamiye amakuru ari koherezwa kandi ntigishingira ku gikoresho cyagenewe kuyikoresha.
Ku rundi ruhande, ikigo cya SPAN ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'ikigo cya switch aho abantu binjira n'abasohoka bagaragara ku kindi kigo mu rwego rwo kugenzura. Ikigo cya SPAN gishobora kugorana gushyiraho kurusha Network TAPs, kandi bigasaba ko hakoreshwa ikigo cya switch.
Kubwibyo, Network TAPs zikwiriye cyane mu bihe bisaba kugaragara neza, mu gihe ports za SPAN ari nziza mu mirimo yoroshye yo kugenzura.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2024
