Buri wese mu buzima bwe ahura n'ikimenyetso cya IT n'ikimenyetso cya OT, tugomba kuba tumenyereye IT cyane, ariko OT ishobora kuba itamenyereye, bityo uyu munsi ndagira ngo tubasangire ibitekerezo by'ibanze bya IT na OT.
Ikoranabuhanga rikora (OT) ni iki?
Ikoranabuhanga mu mikorere (OT) ni ugukoresha ibikoresho na porogaramu mu gukurikirana no kugenzura ibikorwa, ibikoresho, n'ibikorwa remezo. Sisitemu z'ikoranabuhanga mu mikorere ziboneka mu nzego nyinshi zikoresha imitungo myinshi. Zikora imirimo itandukanye kuva ku kugenzura ibikorwa remezo by'ingenzi (CI) kugeza ku kugenzura robots mu nganda zikora.
OT ikoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye zirimo inganda, peteroli na gaze, ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi, indege, amazi yo mu mazi, gari ya moshi, n'ibigo by'amashanyarazi.
ikoranabuhanga (Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho) na OT (Ikoranabuhanga mu Ikoranabuhanga mu Mikorere) ni amagambo abiri akunze gukoreshwa mu rwego rw'inganda, ahagarariye ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n'ikoranabuhanga mu mikorere, kandi hari itandukaniro n'isano hagati yabyo.
ikoranabuhanga (Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho) bivuga ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, porogaramu, umuyoboro n'imicungire y'amakuru, rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutunganya no gucunga amakuru n'imikorere y'ubucuruzi ku rwego rw'ikigo. ikoranabuhanga ryibanda cyane cyane ku gutunganya amakuru, itumanaho ry'umuyoboro, guteza imbere porogaramu no gukoresha no kubungabunga ibigo, nka sisitemu zo mu biro imbere mu buryo bwikora, sisitemu zo gucunga ububiko bw'amakuru, ibikoresho by'umuyoboro, nibindi.
Ikoranabuhanga mu mikorere (OT) risobanura ikoranabuhanga rijyanye n'imikorere nyayo, rikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gucunga no kugenzura ibikoresho byo mu murima, ibikorwa byo mu nganda, na sisitemu z'umutekano. OT yibanda ku ngingo zo kugenzura imikorere y'ikoranabuhanga, kugenzura uburyo bwo kumenya amakuru, kubona no gutunganya amakuru mu buryo nyabwo ku mirongo ikorerwamo n'inganda, nka sisitemu zo kugenzura umusaruro (SCADA), sensor na actuators, na protocole z'itumanaho mu nganda.
Isano iri hagati y’ikoranabuhanga n’ikoranabuhanga rya kera (OT) ni uko ikoranabuhanga na serivisi by’ikoranabuhanga bishobora gutanga ubufasha no kunoza ikoranabuhanga rya kera (OT), nko gukoresha imiyoboro ya mudasobwa na porogaramu kugira ngo hagerwe ku igenzura no gucunga ibikoresho by’inganda; Muri icyo gihe, amakuru nyayo n’uko ikoranabuhanga rya kera (OT) rihagaze bishobora gutanga amakuru y’ingenzi ku byemezo by’ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga no gusesengura amakuru.
Guhuza ikoranabuhanga n'ikoranabuhanga rya kera (OT) nabyo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu rwego rw'inganda ziriho ubu. Mu guhuza ikoranabuhanga n'amakuru ya ikoranabuhanga n'ikoranabuhanga rya kera (OT), umusaruro n'imicungire y'imikorere y'inganda mu buryo bwiza kandi bw'ubwenge bishobora kugerwaho. Ibi bituma inganda n'ibigo bitwara neza mu guhangana n'impinduka ku isoko, kunoza imikorere n'ubwiza bw'umusaruro, no kugabanya ikiguzi n'ingaruka.
-
Umutekano wa OT ni iki?
Umutekano wa OT usobanurwa nk'imikorere n'ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa muri ibi bikurikira:
(a) Kurinda abantu, imitungo, n'amakuru,
(b) Kugenzura no/cyangwa kugenzura ibikoresho bifatika, imikorere n'ibyabaye, na
(c) Gutangiza impinduka za leta kuri sisitemu za OT z'ibigo.
Ibisubizo by'umutekano bya OT birimo ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye ry'umutekano kuva kuri firewalls zo mu gisekuru gitaha (NGFWs) kugeza kuri sisitemu z'umutekano w'amakuru n'imicungire y'ibikorwa (SIEM) kugeza ku kubona no gucunga umwirondoro, n'ibindi byinshi.
Ubusanzwe, umutekano wa interineti wa OT ntiwari ukenewe kuko sisitemu za OT zitari zihujwe na interineti. Bityo, ntabwo zahuraga n'ibibazo byo hanze. Uko gahunda zo guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga (DI) zagendaga ziyongera n'imiyoboro ya OT yahuriraga hamwe, imiryango yakundaga gukoresha uburyo bwihariye bwo gukemura ibibazo runaka.
Ubu buryo bwo kurinda umutekano wa OT bwatumye habaho umuyoboro ugoranye aho ibisubizo bitashoboraga gusangira amakuru no gutanga amakuru ahagije.
Akenshi, imiyoboro ya IT na OT iguma ukwayo, bigatuma ibikorwa by'umutekano byiyongera kandi ntibigaragare neza. Iyi miyoboro ya IT OT ntishobora gukurikirana ibiri kuba hirya no hino ku bitero.
-
Ubusanzwe, imiyoboro ya OT itanga raporo ku muyobozi mukuru w’ishami ry’itumanaho (COO) na raporo ku muyobozi mukuru w’ishami ry’ikoranabuhanga (IT), bigatuma amakipe abiri y’umutekano w’imiyoboro yarinda kimwe cya kabiri cy’imiyoboro yose. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana kumenya imbibi z’ubuso bw’ibitero kuko ayo matsinda atandukanye atazi icyo afatanye n’imiyoboro yayo. Uretse kuba bigoye kuyicunga neza, imiyoboro ya OT IT isiga icyuho kinini mu mutekano.
Nk’uko bisobanurwa, uburyo bwayo bwo kurinda umutekano wa OT, ni ugutahura ibibazo hakiri kare hakoreshejwe ubumenyi bwuzuye ku bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga n’imiyoboro ya OT.
ikoranabuhanga (Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho) ugereranije n'ikoranabuhanga risanzwe (Ikoranabuhanga mu Mikorere)
Ibisobanuro
ikoranabuhanga (Ikoranabuhanga mu Itumanaho): Bivuga ikoreshwa rya mudasobwa, imiyoboro, na porogaramu mu gucunga amakuru n'amakuru mu bucuruzi no mu nzego z'imirimo. Bikubiyemo ibintu byose kuva ku bikoresho (seriveri, routers) kugeza kuri porogaramu (porogaramu, ububiko bw'amakuru) bishyigikira ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi, itumanaho, no gucunga amakuru.
OT (Ikoranabuhanga rikora): Bikubiyemo ibikoresho na porogaramu bigenzura cyangwa bigatera impinduka binyuze mu kugenzura no kugenzura ibikoresho bifatika, imikorere, n'ibikorwa mu kigo. OT ikunze kuboneka mu nzego z'inganda, nko mu nganda, ingufu, no gutwara abantu, kandi ikubiyemo sisitemu nka SCADA (Gucunga no Gufata Amakuru) na PLC (Abagenga Logic bakoreshwa mu gutegura).
Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi
| Igice | IT | OT |
| Intego | Gucunga no gutunganya amakuru | Kugenzura ibikorwa by'umubiri |
| Icyibandwaho | Sisitemu z'amakuru n'umutekano w'amakuru | Kwikora no gukurikirana ibikoresho |
| Ibidukikije | Ibiro, ibigo by'amakuru | Inganda, imiterere y'inganda |
| Ubwoko bw'amakuru | Amakuru ya elegitoroniki, inyandiko | Amakuru aboneka mu gihe nyacyo aturutse ku byuma bipima ibyuma n'imashini |
| Umutekano | Umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga no kurinda amakuru | Umutekano n'ubwizerwe bw'imikorere y'umubiri |
| Amabwiriza ngenderwaho | HTTP, FTP, TCP/IP | Modbus, OPC, DNP3 |
Kwishyira hamwe
Kubera iterambere rya Inganda 4.0 na interineti y'ibintu (IoT), guhuza ikoranabuhanga n'ikoranabuhanga rya kera (OT) biragenda biba ngombwa. Uku guhuza kugamije kongera imikorere, kunoza isesengura ry'amakuru, no gutuma habaho gufata ibyemezo byiza. Ariko, binazana imbogamizi zijyanye n'umutekano w'ikoranabuhanga, kuko sisitemu za kera (OT) zari zisanzwe zitandukanyijwe n'imiyoboro y'ikoranabuhanga.
Ingingo bifitanye isano:Internet yawe y'ibintu ikeneye umuhuza wa paki y'umuyoboro w'itumanaho kugira ngo ufashe umutekano wa network
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Nzeri-05-2024
