5G hamwe no Gukata Urusobe
Iyo 5G ivugwa cyane, Network Slicing nubuhanga buganirwaho cyane muribo. Abakoresha imiyoboro nka KT, SK Telecom, Ubushinwa Mobile, DT, KDDI, NTT, n'abacuruza ibikoresho nka Ericsson, Nokia, na Huawei bose bemeza ko Network Slicing aribwo buryo bwiza bwubaka imiyoboro ya 5G.
Iri koranabuhanga rishya ryemerera abashoramari gutandukanya imiyoboro myinshi yanyuma-iherezo mubikorwa remezo byibyuma, kandi buri Network Slice itandukanijwe muburyo bworoshye nigikoresho, umuyoboro winjira, umuyoboro wubwikorezi numuyoboro wibanze kugirango uhuze ibintu bitandukanye biranga serivisi zitandukanye.
Kuri buri gice cy'Urusobe, ibikoresho byabigenewe nka seriveri isanzwe, umurongo wa interineti, hamwe na serivisi nziza biremewe rwose. Kubera ko ibice bitandukanijwe, amakosa cyangwa kunanirwa mugice kimwe ntabwo bizahindura itumanaho ryibindi bice.
Kuki 5G ikeneye Network Slicing?
Kuva kera kugeza kuri 4G ya none, imiyoboro igendanwa ikora cyane cyane terefone zigendanwa, kandi muri rusange ikora gusa optimizasiyo ya terefone igendanwa. Ariko, mugihe cya 5G, imiyoboro igendanwa igomba gukenera ibikoresho byubwoko butandukanye nibisabwa. Byinshi mubintu byakoreshwaga byavuzwe harimo umurongo mugari wa terefone igendanwa, nini ya iot, hamwe na iot-ubutumwa bukomeye. Bose bakeneye ubwoko butandukanye bwurusobe kandi bafite ibyo basabwa muburyo bwimikorere, ibaruramari, umutekano, kugenzura politiki, ubukererwe, kwiringirwa nibindi.
Kurugero, serivise nini ya iot ihuza ibyuma bifata ibyuma bipima ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, imvura, nibindi. Ntibikenewe koherezwa, kuvugurura aho biherereye, nibindi bintu biranga terefone nyamukuru ikorera kumurongo wa mobile. Byongeye kandi, ubutumwa bukomeye bwa iot serivisi nko gutwara ibinyabiziga byigenga no kugenzura kure ya robo bisaba gutinda kugera ku ndunduro ya milisegonda nyinshi, bitandukanye cyane na serivisi ya Broadband mobile.
Ibyingenzi Bikoreshwa muri 5G
Ibi bivuze ko dukeneye umuyoboro wihariye kuri buri serivisi? Kurugero, imwe ikora terefone zigendanwa 5G, imwe ikora iot nini ya 5G, indi ikora 5G ubutumwa bukomeye iot. Ntabwo dukeneye, kubera ko dushobora gukoresha gukata urusobe kugirango tugabanye imiyoboro myinshi yumvikana kuva murusobe rwumubiri rutandukanye, nuburyo buhendutse cyane!
Ibisabwa Gusaba Gukata Urusobe
Igice cya 5G cyasobanuwe mumpapuro yera ya 5G yasohowe na NGMN irerekanwa hepfo:
Nigute dushyira mubikorwa Slicing ya nyuma-iherezo?
(1) 5G umuyoboro utagendanwa numuyoboro wibanze: NFV
Muri uyu munsi wa terefone igendanwa, igikoresho nyamukuru ni terefone igendanwa. RAN (DU na RU) nibikorwa byingenzi byubatswe mubikoresho byabigenewe byabugenewe bitangwa nabacuruzi ba RAN. Gushyira mubikorwa gukata urusobe, Imikorere ya Network Virtualisation (NFV) nibisabwa. Mubusanzwe, igitekerezo nyamukuru cya NFV nugukoresha software ikora neti (nukuvuga MME, S / P-GW na PCRF muri packet core na DU muri RAN) byose mumashini yububiko kuri seriveri yubucuruzi aho kuyitandukanya muburyo bwihariye. ibikoresho by'urusobe. Muri ubu buryo, RAN ifatwa nkigicu cyo ku nkombe, mugihe imikorere yibanze ifatwa nkigicu cyibanze. Ihuza hagati ya VMS iherereye ku nkombe no mu gicu cyibanze yashyizweho hakoreshejwe SDN. Hanyuma, igice cyaremewe kuri buri serivisi (ni ukuvuga igice cya terefone, igice kinini cya iot, ubutumwa bukomeye iot, nibindi).
Nigute washyira mubikorwa imwe muri Network Slicing (I)?
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana uburyo buri porogaramu yihariye ya serivisi ishobora kugaragara kandi igashyirwa muri buri gice. Kurugero, gukata birashobora gushyirwaho kuburyo bukurikira:
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Kugeza ubu, dukeneye gukora ibice byabugenewe bya serivisi hamwe nibisabwa bitandukanye. Kandi imikorere ya neti yibikorwa ishyirwa ahantu hatandukanye muri buri gice (ni ukuvuga igicu cyuruhande cyangwa igicu cyibanze) ukurikije serivisi zitandukanye ziranga. Mubyongeyeho, ibikorwa bimwe byurusobe, nko kwishyuza, kugenzura politiki, nibindi, birashobora gukenerwa mubice bimwe, ariko sibyo mubindi. Abakoresha barashobora guhitamo imiyoboro ikata uko bashaka, kandi birashoboka ko inzira ihenze cyane.
Nigute washyira mubikorwa imwe muri Network Slicing (I)?
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Porogaramu isobanura imiyoboro, nubwo igitekerezo cyoroshye mugihe cyatangijwe bwa mbere, kiragenda kirushaho kuba ingorabahizi. Dufashe uburyo bwa Overlay nkurugero, tekinoroji ya SDN irashobora gutanga imiyoboro ihuza imashini ziboneka kubikorwa remezo bihari.
Kurangiza-Kurangiza Urusobekerane
Ubwa mbere, turareba uburyo twakwemeza ko umuyoboro uhuza igicu cyuruhande rwimashini yibicu bifite umutekano. Umuyoboro uri hagati yimashini ziboneka ugomba gushyirwa mubikorwa ushingiye kuri IP / MPLS-SDN na Transport SDN. Muri iyi nyandiko, turibanda kuri IP / MPLS-SDN itangwa nabacuruzi ba router. Ericsson na Juniper bombi batanga IP / MPLS SDN ibicuruzwa byububiko. Ibikorwa biratandukanye gato, ariko guhuza hagati ya SDN ishingiye kuri VMS birasa cyane.
Igicu cyibanze ni seriveri igaragara. Muri hypervisor ya seriveri, koresha ibyubatswe muri vRouter / vSwitch. Umugenzuzi wa SDN atanga iboneza rya tunnel hagati ya seriveri igaragara na router ya DC G / W (router ya PE ikora MPLS L3 VPN mukigo cyamakuru yibicu). Kora tunel ya SDN (ni ukuvuga MPLS GRE cyangwa VXLAN) hagati ya buri mashini isanzwe (urugero 5G IoT core) na DC G / W mu bicu.
Umugenzuzi wa SDN noneho acunga ikarita hagati yiyi tunel na MPLS L3 VPN, nka IoT VPN. Inzira ni imwe mu gicu cyo ku nkombe, ikora iot igice cyahujwe kuva ku gicu kigana ku mugongo wa IP / MPLS n'inzira zose zigana ku gicu. Iyi nzira irashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa hashingiwe ku ikoranabuhanga n'ibipimo bikuze kandi biboneka kugeza ubu.
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Igisigaye ubu ni umuyoboro wa mobile fronthawall. Nigute dushobora guca iyi rezo ya mobile igendanwa hagati yigicu cyo ku nkombe na 5G RU? Mbere ya byose, umuyoboro wa 5G ugomba kugenda mbere. Hano hari amahitamo arimo kuganirwaho (urugero, kumenyekanisha pake nshya ishingiye kumurongo wogusobanura imikorere ya DU na RU), ariko nta bisobanuro bisanzwe byakozwe. Igishushanyo gikurikira nigishushanyo cyerekanwe mumatsinda ya ITU IMT 2020 kandi gitanga urugero rwumuyoboro wa fronhaul.
Urugero rwa 5G C-RAN Gukata Umuyoboro wa ITU
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-02-2024
