Kuki Ikigo cyawe cy’amakuru gikeneye abahuza ba paki z’itumanaho?
Umuhuza w'amapaki ya interineti ni iki?
Umuhuza w’amapaketi y’umuyoboro (NPB) ni ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kugenzura kugira ngo rigere ku bantu benshi kandi risesengure urujya n’uruza rw’abantu kuri interineti. Uruganda rutunganya amapaketi rukusanya amakuru y’urujya n’uruza rw’abantu kuri interineti rukayakwirakwiza mu gikoresho cyarwo gikwiye cyo kugenzura imiyoboro. Kubera ko rufite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura buhanitse, NPB ishobora gufasha gutanga imikorere myiza y’amakuru, umutekano ukomeye, n’uburyo bwihuse bwo kumenya impamvu nyamukuru y’ibibazo byose hakoreshejwe ubuhanga buhanitse bwa porogaramu. NPB yongera imikorere myiza y’urujya n’uruza rw’abantu mu gihe rimwe na rimwe igabanya ikiguzi cyawe. Abahuza b’amapaketi y’umuyoboro rimwe na rimwe bashobora kwitwa switch zo kubona amakuru, switch zo gukurikirana, switch za matrix, cyangwa tool aggregators.
Muri iki gihe isi ikoresha ikoranabuhanga, ibigo by’amakuru bigira uruhare runini mu gucunga no kubika amakuru menshi. Bitewe n’uko ibikorwa by’umuyoboro byizewe kandi binoze bigenda byiyongera, ni ngombwa ko ibigo by’amakuru bigira abahuza ba pakiti za interineti (NPBs). Nubwo ikigo cy’amakuru cyaba kitarakoresha ethernet ya 100G, NPB ishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane.
Mu kigo cy’amakuru, hakoreshwa ibikoresho bitandukanye mu kugenzura imikorere y’umuyoboro, gutanga uburyo bwo kugaragara no kugabanya ibibazo n’ingaruka mbi. Ibi bikoresho bishingiye cyane ku miyoboro myinshi ihoraho kugira ngo bikore neza. Ariko, hatabayeho NPB, gucunga no gukwirakwiza izi paki bishobora kuba akazi katoroshye.
NPB ikora nk'ihuriro rikuru rikusanya, ritunganya, kandi rigakwirakwiza urujya n'uruza rw'itumanaho ku bikoresho bikenewe byo kugenzura cyangwa by'umutekano. Ikora nk'umupolisi w'umutekano, igenzura ko ibikoresho bikwiye bigera ku bikoresho bikwiye, ikanoza imikorere yabyo kandi ikemerera isesengura n'ibibazo by'umutekano neza.
Imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru ituma ikigo cy’amakuru gikenera NPB ni ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’umuvuduko w’itumanaho wiyongera. Uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, umuvuduko w’itumanaho ukomeza kwiyongera cyane. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kugenzura itumanaho bishobora kuba bidafite ibikoresho byo gucunga ingano y’amapaki akorwa n’imiyoboro yihuta nka 100G ethernet. NPB ikora nk'urwego rugenzura traffic, ikagabanya umuvuduko w’itumanaho ry’itumanaho kugeza ku muvuduko ushoboka w’ibikoresho, igenzura neza kandi igasesengura neza.
Byongeye kandi, NPB itanga uburyo bwo kwaguka no koroshya ibintu kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe cyane mu kigo cy'amakuru. Uko urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru rwiyongera, hashobora gukenerwa kongerwamo ibindi bikoresho mu bikorwa remezo byo kugenzura. NPB yemerera koroshya guhuza ibikoresho bishya hatabayeho guhungabanya imiterere y'imiyoboro isanzweho. Ituma ibikoresho byose byo kugenzura n'umutekano bigerwaho n'amapaki akenewe, hatitawe ku bunini bw'umuyoboro n'ubugoranye bwawo.
Ibigo by'amakuru bihura kandi n'ikibazo cyo gucunga urujya n'uruza rw'abantu mu nzego zitandukanye muri uru rubuga. Kubera ko imiterere y'amakuru igenda irushaho kuba myinshi, ni ngombwa kugira uburyo bwo kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'abantu mu buryo buhuriweho no kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'abantu mu buryo buhuriweho. NPB ikora nk'ahantu ho guhurira abantu bose mu buryo buhuriweho, itanga ishusho rusange y'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu. Uku kureba mu buryo buhuriweho bituma habaho igenzura ryiza, gukemura ibibazo, no gusesengura umutekano.
Byongeye kandi, NPB yongera umutekano mu kigo cy’amakuru binyuze mu gutanga ubushobozi bwo gutandukanya amakuru. Kubera ko hari ibitero bihoraho by’ikoranabuhanga n’abagizi ba nabi, ni ngombwa gutandukanya no kugenzura urujya n’uruza rw’amakuru kugira ngo hamenyekane kandi hagabanywe ibibazo byose bishobora kubaho. NPB ishobora gushungura no gutandukanya urujya n’uruza rw’amakuru hashingiwe ku bipimo bitandukanye, nko kuba aderesi ya IP cyangwa ubwoko bwa protocole, ikareba ko urujya n’uruza rukekwa rwoherezwa kugira ngo rusesengurwe neza kandi hirindwe ko hari ibishobora kwangiza umutekano.
Byongeye kandi, NPB ifite uruhare runini mu kugaragara no kugenzura imikorere y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho. Itanga ubumenyi burambuye ku bijyanye n’urujya n’uruza rw’umuyoboro w’itumanaho, bigatuma abayobozi b’ibigo by’amakuru bamenya ibibazo, ibibazo byo gutinda, cyangwa ibindi bibazo byose birebana n’imikorere y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho. Mu kugira ishusho isobanutse y’imikorere y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho, abayobozi bashobora gufata ibyemezo bisobanutse kugira ngo barusheho kunoza imikorere y’umuyoboro w’itumanaho no kunoza imikorere muri rusange.
Uretse izi nyungu, NPB yoroshya ibikorwa remezo byo kugenzura imiyoboro binyuze mu kugabanya umubare w'ibikoresho byo kugenzura bikenewe. Aho gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi byihariye kuri buri gikorwa cyo kugenzura, NPB ihuza imikorere yayo mu buryo bumwe. Uku guhuza ibikorwa ntikuzigama umwanya gusa ahubwo binagabanya ikiguzi cyo kugura, gucunga no kubungabunga ibikoresho byinshi.
Byongeye kandi, NPB yongera ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana no gukemura ibibazo. Kubera ubushobozi bwo gushungura no kohereza paki runaka ku bikoresho bikenewe, abayobozi b'ibigo by'amakuru bashobora kumenya no gukemura ibibazo bya interineti vuba. Ubu buryo bworoshye buzigama umwanya n'umutungo, butuma habaho igihe gito cyo kudakora neza no kongera umubare w'itumanaho.
Muri make, NPB ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibikorwaremezo byose by'ikigo cy'amakuru. Itanga ubushobozi bukenewe bwo gucunga, gukwirakwiza no kunoza urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru, igenzura neza, umutekano, n'isesengura ry'imikorere. Bitewe n'ibikenewe byiyongera ku miyoboro yihuta cyane n'imiterere ikwirakwijwe, NPB itanga ubushobozi bwo kwaguka, ubworoherane, no gushyira hamwe bikenewe kugira ngo ihangane n'ibi bibazo. Mu gushora imari muri NPB, abakora ikigo cy'amakuru bashobora kwemeza ko ibikorwaremezo byabo by'amakuru bikorana neza kandi bihamye, mu gihe bagabanya ibibazo bishobora kubaho kandi bakarinda amakuru y'agaciro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 13 Nzeri 2023
