Kugenzura umutekano w'imiyoboro mu buryo bwihuse bw'ikoranabuhanga no mu iterambere rihoraho ry'abayikoresha bisaba ibikoresho bitandukanye bigezweho kugira ngo ukore isesengura ryihuse. Ibikorwa remezo byawe byo kugenzura bishobora kuba bifite igenzura ry'imikorere y'imiyoboro n'ikoreshwa ryayo (NPM / APM), ububiko bw'amakuru, n'ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gusesengura imiyoboro, mu gihe sisitemu zawe zo kurinda zikoresha inkuta, sisitemu zo kurinda kwinjira (IPS), gukumira gusohora amakuru (DLP), kurwanya malware, n'ibindi bisubizo.
Uko ibikoresho by’umutekano n’igenzura byihariye byaba bimeze kose, byose bifite ibintu bibiri bihuriyeho:
• Ukeneye kumenya neza ibiri kuba muri uru rubuga
• Ibisubizo by'isesengura bishingiye gusa ku makuru yakiriwe
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n'Ishyirahamwe ry'Abacungamutungo (EMA) mu 2016 bwagaragaje ko hafi 30% by'ababajijwe batizeye ibikoresho byabo kugira ngo byakire amakuru yose bakeneye. Ibi bivuze ko hari uburyo bwo kugenzura amakuru atari yo mu rubuga, ibyo bigatuma habaho imbaraga zidafite akamaro, ikiguzi kinini, ndetse n'ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa n'abantu.
Kugaragara bisaba kwirinda ishoramari risesagura no kugenzura ahantu hatazwi, bisaba gukusanya amakuru ajyanye n'ibibera kuri interineti. Ibice bigabanya/bigabanya n'ibice bipima ibikoresho bya interineti, bizwi kandi nka SPAN ports, biba ahantu ho kwinjira hakoreshwa mu gufata abantu benshi kugira ngo basesengure amakuru.
Iki ni "igikorwa cyoroshye"; ikibazo nyacyo ni ukugeza amakuru ava kuri interineti kuri buri gikoresho kiyikeneye neza. Niba ufite ibice bike by'itumanaho n'ibikoresho bike byo gusesengura, byombi bishobora guhuzwa mu buryo butaziguye. Ariko, bitewe n'umuvuduko imiyoboro ikomeza kwaguka, nubwo bishoboka, hari amahirwe menshi ko iyi miyoboro y'itumanaho hagati y'abantu ku giti cyabo izateza ingorane zikomeye mu micungire.
EMA yatangaje ko 35% by'ibigo by'ubucuruzi byavuze ko ibura rya SPAN ports na splitters ari yo mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye batabasha gukurikirana neza ibice bya network zabo. Ports ku bikoresho byo gusesengura byo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka firewalls na zo zishobora kuba nkeya, bityo ni ngombwa ko udakoresha ibikoresho byawe cyane ngo uteshe agaciro imikorere.
Kuki ukeneye abahuza ba Network Packet?
Umuhuzabikorwa wa Network Packet (NPB) ushyirwa hagati y’aho bagabanya cyangwa bashyira amakuru ya SPAN akoreshwa mu kugera ku makuru ya network, ndetse n’ibikoresho by’umutekano n’igenzura. Nk’uko izina ribigaragaza, inshingano y’ibanze ya muhuzabikorwa wa network packet ni: guhuza amakuru ya network packet kugira ngo buri gikoresho cyo gusesengura kibone neza amakuru gikeneye.
NPB yongeraho urwego rw'ubuhanga rugenda rurushaho gukurura ikiguzi n'ubuhanga bugoye, bikagufasha:
Kugira ngo haboneke amakuru yuzuye kandi nyayo kugira ngo hafatwe ibyemezo byiza
Umuhuza w’amapaki y’itumanaho ufite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura buhanitse akoreshwa mu gutanga amakuru nyayo kandi afatika ku bikoresho byawe byo kugenzura no gusesengura umutekano.
Umutekano ukomeye
Iyo udashobora kubona ikibazo, biragoye kukihagarika. NPB yagenewe kwemeza ko insinga zo kurinda, IPS, n'izindi sisitemu zo kurinda zihora zifite amakuru nyayo zikeneye.
Komeza ibibazo vuba
Mu by’ukuri, kumenya ikibazo gusa ni byo bigira uruhare rwa 85% bya MTTR. Igihe cyo kudakora bivuze ko amafaranga yatakaye, kandi kuyakoresha nabi bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bucuruzi bwawe.
Uburyo bwo gusesengura amakuru bushingiye ku miterere butangwa na NPB bugufasha kuvumbura no kumenya impamvu nyamukuru y'ibibazo vuba binyuze mu gushyiramo ubuhanga buhanitse bwo gukoresha porogaramu.
Ongera imbaraga
Amakuru atangwa na NPB ikoresheje NetFlow afasha kandi kubona amakuru y’ubuhanga mu gucunga ikoreshwa rya interineti, imiterere yayo, n’iterambere ryayo kugira ngo ikibazo gikemuke vuba.
Inyungu nziza ku ishoramari
Smart NPB ntishobora gusa gukusanya urujya n'uruza rw'abantu bava mu nzego zo kugenzura nko gusimbuza, ahubwo inashobora no gukusanya amakuru kugira ngo yongere ikoreshwa n'umusaruro w'ibikoresho by'umutekano n'igenzura. Mu gucunga urujya n'uruza rw'abantu bireba gusa, dushobora kunoza imikorere y'ibikoresho, kugabanya urujya n'uruza rw'abantu, kugabanya amakosa, no kugera ku bwishingizi bw'umutekano bwinshi hamwe n'ibikoresho bike.
Uburyo butanu bwo kunoza inyungu ikomoka ku nyungu ukoresheje Network Packet Brokers:
• Gukemura ibibazo byihuse
• Kumenya intege nke vuba
• Kugabanya umutwaro w'ibikoresho by'umutekano
• Kongera igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho byo gukurikirana mu gihe cyo kuvugurura
• Koroshya kubahiriza amategeko
Ni iki mu by'ukuri NPB ishobora gukora?
Gukusanya, gushungura no gutanga amakuru bisa n'ibyoroshye mu buryo bw'imitekerereze. Ariko mu by'ukuri, NPB ikoresha ubwenge ishobora gukora imirimo igoye cyane, bigatuma imikorere myiza n'umutekano birushaho kwiyongera.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura umutwaro ni kimwe mu bikorwa. Urugero, niba urimo kuvugurura umuyoboro wawe w’amakuru uva kuri 1Gbps ukagera kuri 10Gbps, 40Gbps, cyangwa hejuru yayo, NPB ishobora kugabanya umuvuduko kugira ngo ishyire umuvuduko mwinshi ku bikoresho bihari byo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga rya 1G cyangwa 2G. Ibi ntibyongera agaciro k'ishoramari ryawe ryo kugenzura ubu, ahubwo binarinda kuvugurura amafaranga menshi iyo ikoranabuhanga ryimuwe.
Izindi ngenderwaho zikomeye zakozwe na NPB zirimo:
Paki z'amakuru zitagira umumaro zirakurwaho
Ibikoresho byo gusesengura no kurinda umutekano bishyigikira kwakira umubare munini w'amapaki abiri yoherejwe aturutse ku matsinda menshi. NPB ishobora gukuraho gukuba kabiri kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibikoresho byapfusha ubusa imbaraga zo gutunganya amakuru mu gihe cyo gutunganya amakuru adakenewe.
Gukuraho uburiganya bwa SSL
Uburyo bwo gukingira amakuru bwite (SSL) ni bwo buryo busanzwe bukoreshwa mu kohereza amakuru bwite mu buryo bwizewe. Ariko, abajura bashobora no guhisha iterabwoba ryangiza ikoranabuhanga mu mapaki yashyizwe mu buryo bwizewe.
Gusuzuma aya makuru bigomba guhindurwa, ariko gusesengura kode bisaba imbaraga zikomeye zo kuyitunganya. Abahuza bakomeye ba pakiti z'itumanaho bashobora gukuramo gusesengura amakuru mu bikoresho by'umutekano kugira ngo barebe neza muri rusange ariko bakagabanya umutwaro ku bikoresho bihenze.
Gupfuka amakuru
Gukuraho amakuru kuri SSL bituma amakuru agaragara ku muntu wese ufite uburenganzira bwo kubona ibikoresho by’umutekano no gukurikirana. NPB ishobora guhagarika nimero za karita y’inguzanyo cyangwa nimero z’ubwishingizi bw’imibereho myiza, amakuru y’ubuzima arinzwe (PHI), cyangwa andi makuru y’ibanga aranga umuntu ku giti cye (PII) mbere yo gutanga amakuru, bityo ntamenyekanishwe ku gikoresho n’abayobozi bacyo.
Gukuraho imitwe
NPB ishobora gukuraho imitwe nka VLAN, VXLAN, L3VPN, bityo ibikoresho bidashobora gukoresha izi porogaramu bishobora kwakira no gutunganya amakuru ya paki. Kumenya neza aho ibintu biri biherereye bifasha kuvumbura porogaramu mbi zikora kuri interineti n'ibirenge byasizwe n'abagaba igitero mu gihe zikora muri sisitemu no kuri interineti.
Ubutasi ku bijyanye n'ikoreshwa n'ibitero
Gutahura intege nke hakiri kare bigabanya ibura ry'amakuru ryimbitse ndetse n'ikiguzi cy'ingaruka mbi. Uburyo NPB ibona ibintu mu buryo bufatika bushobora gukoreshwa mu kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ubwinjiracyaha (IOC), kumenya aho ibitero biherereye, no kurwanya ibitero bya cryptographic.
Ubumenyi bw'imikorere burenze urwego rwa 2 kugeza kuri 4 (OSI model) rw'amakuru ya paki kugeza ku rwego rwa 7 (urwego rwa porogaramu). Amakuru menshi ku myitwarire y'umukoresha n'aho porogaramu iherereye ashobora gukorwa no koherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo hakumirwe ibitero by'urwego rwa porogaramu aho kode mbi yihindura nk'amakuru asanzwe n'ubusabe bw'umukiriya bwemewe.
Kumenya neza aho ibintu biri biherereye bifasha kuvumbura porogaramu mbi zikora kuri interineti yawe n'ibirenge byasizwe n'abagaba igitero mu gihe bakora muri sisitemu yawe no kuri interineti.
Gukurikirana Porogaramu
Kugaragara kw'uburyo porogaramu ibonwa bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere n'imicungire. Wenda wifuza kumenya igihe abakozi bakoresheje serivisi zishingiye ku bicu nka Dropbox cyangwa imeri ishingiye kuri interineti kugira ngo birengagize politiki y'umutekano no kohereza amadosiye y'ikigo, cyangwa igihe abahoze ari abakozi bageragezaga kubona amadosiye bakoresheje serivisi zo kubika amakuru bwite zishingiye ku bicu.
Ibyiza bya NPB
• Byoroshye gukoresha no gucunga
• Ubuhanga bwo gukuraho imitwaro y'ikipe
• Nta gutakaza paki - ikoresha ibintu bigezweho
• Kwizerwa 100%
• Imiterere y'imikorere myiza
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-20-2025
