Intangiriro
Mu myaka yashize, umubare wa serivisi zicu mu nganda z’Ubushinwa uragenda wiyongera. Isosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga yaboneyeho umwanya wo guhindura icyiciro gishya cy’impinduramatwara mu ikoranabuhanga, ikora cyane mu guhindura imibare, yongera ubushakashatsi no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rishya nko kubara ibicu, amakuru manini, ubwenge bw’ubukorikori, guhagarika imiyoboro ya interineti, no kunoza ubumenyi bwabo kandi ubushobozi bwa serivisi yikoranabuhanga. Hamwe niterambere ryikomeza ryikoranabuhanga rya tekinoroji hamwe na sisitemu yo gukoresha, sisitemu nyinshi zo gukoresha muri santere zamakuru zimuka ziva mumashuri yambere yimiterere yimiterere yibicu, kandi iburasirazuba-uburengerazuba bwumuhanda mubicu byibidukikije byikigo byiyongera cyane. Nyamara, imiyoboro gakondo yo gukusanya ibinyabiziga ntishobora gukusanya mu buryo butaziguye iburasirazuba-iburengerazuba mu bidukikije, bigatuma ibicuruzwa biva mu bidukikije biba akarere ka mbere. Byahindutse byanze bikunze kumenya amakuru yo gukuramo iburasirazuba-uburengerazuba bwumuhanda mubicu. Kwinjiza uburyo bushya bwo gukusanya ibinyabiziga byo mu burasirazuba-uburengerazuba mu bidukikije bituma sisitemu ya porogaramu ikoreshwa mu bidukikije igicu nayo ifite inkunga yo kugenzura neza, kandi iyo ibibazo nibitagenda neza, isesengura ryo gufata paki rishobora gukoreshwa mu gusesengura ikibazo no gukurikirana amakuru gutemba.
. imikorere ya sisitemu ya sisitemu mubicu bidukikije, bizana inyungu zihishe kubikorwa bizima kandi bihamye byimikorere ya sisitemu mubidukikije.
2. Urugendo rwiburasirazuba n’iburengerazuba mu bidukikije ntibishobora gukusanywa mu buryo butaziguye, bigatuma bidashoboka gukuramo mu buryo butaziguye ibipapuro byifashishwa mu gusesengura igihe ibibazo bibaye mu bikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu bidukikije, bizana ingorane zimwe na zimwe ahantu haherereye.
3. Hamwe nibisabwa bikenerwa cyane byumutekano wurusobe hamwe nubugenzuzi butandukanye, nko kugenzura ibikorwa bya BPC kugenzura ibikorwa, sisitemu yo kugenzura iyinjira ryinjira, imeri hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura iyandikwa rya serivisi z’abakiriya, icyifuzo cyo gukusanya ibinyabiziga by’iburasirazuba n’iburengerazuba mu bidukikije na byo bigenda byiyongera kandi byihutirwa. Ukurikije isesengura ryavuzwe haruguru, byahindutse byanze bikunze kumenya amakuru yo gukuramo amakuru y’ibinyabiziga byo mu burasirazuba-uburengerazuba mu bidukikije, no gutangiza uburyo bushya bwo gukusanya ibinyabiziga by’iburasirazuba-uburengerazuba mu bicu kugira ngo sisitemu yo gusaba ikoreshwe mu gicu ibidukikije birashobora kandi kugira inkunga yo gukurikirana neza. Iyo ibibazo no kunanirwa bibaye, isesengura ryo gufata paki rirashobora gukoreshwa mugusesengura ikibazo no gukurikirana amakuru atemba. Kugirango tumenye gukuramo no gusesengura iburasirazuba-uburengerazuba bwumuhanda mubicu ni intwaro ikomeye yubumaji kugirango igenzure neza imikorere ya sisitemu ikoreshwa mubidukikije.
Ibipimo byingenzi byerekeranye no gufata traffic traffic
1. Imikorere yo gufata umuyoboro
Ibinyabiziga byo mu burasirazuba-uburengerazuba bingana na kimwe cya kabiri cyurugendo rwamakuru, kandi tekinoroji yo kugura ibintu irakenewe kugirango tumenye icyegeranyo cyuzuye. Mugihe kimwe cyo kugura, indi mirimo itunganijwe mbere yo kugabanywa, kugabanywa, no gutesha agaciro bigomba kurangizwa kuri serivisi zitandukanye, ibyo bikaba byongera ibisabwa mubikorwa.
2. Ibikoresho biri hejuru
Byinshi mubuhanga bwo gukusanya iburasirazuba-uburengerazuba bukenera gukoresha mudasobwa, kubika hamwe numuyoboro ushobora gukoreshwa kuri serivisi. Usibye gukoresha ayo mikoro make ashoboka, haracyakenewe gutekereza hejuru yo gushyira mubikorwa imiyoborere yikoranabuhanga ryo kugura. Cyane cyane iyo igipimo cya node cyagutse, niba ikiguzi cyo kuyobora nacyo cyerekana umurongo uzamuka.
3. Urwego rwo Kwinjira
Ubu buryo busanzwe bwo kugura ibintu bukenera kongeramo politiki yinyongera yo kugura kuri hypervisor cyangwa ibice bifitanye isano. Usibye amakimbirane ashobora guterwa na politiki yubucuruzi, izi politiki akenshi zongera umutwaro kuri hypervisor cyangwa ibindi bice byubucuruzi kandi bigira ingaruka kuri serivisi SLA.
Duhereye kubisobanuro byavuzwe haruguru, birashobora kugaragara ko gufata ibinyabiziga mubidukikije bigomba kwibanda ku gufata ibinyabiziga byiburasirazuba-uburengerazuba hagati yimashini ziboneka nibibazo byimikorere. Muri icyo gihe, urebye imbaraga ziranga igicu, icyegeranyo cyumuhanda mubidukikije gikeneye gucamo uburyo busanzwe bwindorerwamo ya gakondo, kandi ukamenya gukusanya no guhita byikora no kugenzura ibyoherejwe, kugirango bihuze na gukora byikora no kubungabunga intego yibicu. Ikusanyirizo ryimodoka mubidukikije bigomba kugera ku ntego zikurikira:
1) Menya imikorere yo gufata iburasirazuba-uburengerazuba hagati yimashini ziboneka
2) Gufata byoherejwe kuri comptabilite, kandi ikusanyamakuru ryakusanyirijwe hamwe rikoreshwa kugirango wirinde imikorere nibibazo bihamye biterwa nindorerwamo.
3) Irashobora kumva neza impinduka zumutungo wimashini ziboneka mubicu, kandi ingamba zo gukusanya zirashobora guhinduka mu buryo bwikora hamwe nimpinduka zimashini ziboneka.
4) Igikoresho cyo gufata kigomba kugira uburyo bwo kurinda ibintu birenze urugero kugirango hagabanuke ingaruka kuri seriveri
5) Igikoresho cyo gufata ubwacyo gifite imikorere yo gutezimbere traffic
6) Ihuriro ryo gufata rirashobora gukurikirana ibinyabiziga byakusanyirijwe hamwe
Guhitamo Imashini Yimodoka Yifata Uburyo Mubicu
Imashini yimodoka ifata ibicu ikenera kohereza icyegeranyo kuri compte. Ukurikije aho icyegeranyo gishobora gukorerwa kuri node ya mudasobwa, uburyo bwo gufata imashini yimodoka igaragara mubicu birashobora kugabanywa muburyo butatu:Uburyo bw'abakozi, Uburyo bwimashininaUburyo bwakiriwe.
Uburyo bwimashini. Urujya n'uruza rwabashitsi rwerekanwe kumashini ifata imashini yerekana indorerwamo yikarita yumuyoboro wa enterineti kuri enterineti, hanyuma imashini ifata imashini ikoherezwa kumurongo gakondo wo gufata ibinyabiziga ukoresheje ikarita yabugenewe. Hanyuma hanyuma ikwirakwizwa kuri buri rubuga rwo gukurikirana no gusesengura. Akarusho nuko softswitch bypass mirroring, idafite kwinjira mumakarita asanzwe yubucuruzi hamwe nimashini isanzwe, irashobora kandi kumenya imyumvire yimpinduka yimashini isanzwe no kwimuka kwimuka kwa politiki binyuze muburyo bumwe. Ingaruka ni uko bidashoboka kugera ku buryo bwo kurinda ibintu birenze urugero ufata imashini isanzwe yakira traffic, kandi ingano yimodoka ishobora kwerekanwa igenwa nigikorwa cyo guhinduranya ibintu, bigira ingaruka runaka kumyitwarire ya switch. Mubidukikije bya KVM, igicu gikeneye gutanga kimwe kumeza yerekana ishusho, igoye gucunga no kubungabunga. Cyane cyane iyo imashini yakiriye yananiwe, gufata imashini yibikoresho ni kimwe nubucuruzi bwimikorere yubucuruzi kandi bizanimukira mububiko butandukanye hamwe nizindi mashini ziboneka.
Uburyo bw'abakozi: Shyiramo gufata progaramu yoroheje (Agent Agent) kuri buri mashini isanzwe ikenera gufata traffic mubidukikije, hanyuma ugakuramo iburasirazuba nuburengerazuba bwibidukikije byicu ukoresheje software ya agent, hanyuma ukabikwirakwiza kuri buri rubuga. Ibyiza nuko yigenga kubikorwa bya virtualisation, ntabwo bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya switch ya verisiyo, irashobora kwimuka hamwe na mashini isanzwe, kandi irashobora gukora filteri yumuhanda. Ingaruka ni uko abakozi benshi bakeneye gucungwa, kandi ingaruka za Agent ubwazo ntizishobora kuvaho mugihe amakosa abaye. Ikarita yumusaruro uhari ikeneye gusaranganywa kugirango uhindurwe, bishobora kugira ingaruka mubikorwa byubucuruzi.
Uburyo bwakiriwe: mugukoresha icyegeranyo cyigenga cyoroheje probe kuri buri cyicaro cyumubiri mubidukikije, ikora muburyo bwimikorere kuri host, kandi ikohereza traffic yafashwe kumurongo gakondo ifata traffic traffic. Ibyiza ni uburyo bwuzuye bwo kuzenguruka, nta kwinjira mumashini isanzwe, ikarita yubucuruzi hamwe nu mashini yimashini, uburyo bworoshye bwo gufata, gucunga neza, nta mpamvu yo gukomeza imashini yigenga yigenga, kugura ibintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye birashobora kugera kuburinzi burenze urugero. Nkibikorwa byakiriwe, irashobora gukurikirana uwakiriye hamwe nibikoresho byimashini byimikorere nibikorwa kugirango biyobore uburyo bwo gukoresha ingamba zindorerwamo. Ingaruka ni uko ikeneye gukoresha umubare runaka wibikoresho byakiriwe, kandi ingaruka zikorwa zigomba kwitabwaho. Mubyongeyeho, porogaramu zimwe zishobora kudashobora gushyigikira gahunda yo gufata software ikora kuri host.
Uhereye mubihe byubu byinganda, imashini yimashini isanzwe ifite porogaramu mugicu rusange, kandi Agent Mode na Host Mode bifite abakoresha bamwe mubicu byihariye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-06-2024
